[MCN] 2016 - “Climate change impacts have now been documented across every ecosystem on Earth, despite an average warming of only ~1°C so far.”

[Lance Olsen]

2016  - “Climate change impacts have now been documented across every ecosystem on Earth, despite an average warming of only ~1°C so far.”

Scheffers et al. The broad footprint of climate change from genes to biomes to people. Science, 11 NOVEMBER 2016

 ———————————————————

2011 - "  …  analysis suggests that despite high-level statements to the contrary, there is now little to no chance of maintaining the global mean surface temperature at or below 2C. Moreover, the impacts associated with 2C have been revised upwards, sufficiently so that 2C now more appropriately represents the threshold between ‘dangerous’ and ‘extremely dangerous’ climate change."
 
Kevin Anderson and Alice Bows. Beyond ‘dangerous’ climate change: emission scenarios for a new world.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (2011)

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2006 - “Climate change is not a new topic in biology...... Observations of range shifts in parallel with climate change ... date back to the mid-1700s.”

“This review  …  deals exclusively with observed responses of wild biological species and systems ….  “

"A surprising result is the high proportion of species responding to recent, relatively mild climate change (global average warming of 0.6 C)." 

Parmesan, Camille. Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Recent Climate Change. The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics  37: pp. 637-69. 2006.

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2004 --"Between 1C and 2C increases in global mean temperatures most species, ecosystems and landscapes will be impacted and adaptive capacity will become limited. With the already ongoing high rate of climate change, the decline in biodiversity will therefore accelerate and simultaneously many ecosystem services will become less abundant."

Rik Leemans and Bas Eickhout. Another reason for concern: regional and global impacts on ecosystems for different levels of climate change. Global Environmental Change 14 (2004) 219–228

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2002 - “Although we are only at an early stage in the projected trends of global warming, ecological responses to recent climate change are already clearly visible.”

Walther et al, “Ecological responses to recent climate change.” Nature, March 28, 2002

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

1970

“Whereas any one line of evidence may be weak in itself, a number of lines of evidence, taken together and found to be consistent, reinforce one another exponentially.”

Preston Cloud and Aharon Gibor. The Oxygen Cycle. 
Scientific American, September 1970

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