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--></style><title>Farmer's Union: Heat and body size: Cattle can hit
thermal</title></head><body>
<div><font face="Arial">Chris Christiaens, legislative director of the
Montana Farmers Union, noted that the report warns that rangeland
cattle production could drop 20 percent.</font></div>
<div><font face="Arial"><br>
"When it gets to be 95 degrees, cattle do not gain as fast; they
don't gain as much," he said, "and so, the potential losses
to the livestock industry are pretty significant."</font><br>
<font face="Arial"></font></div>
<div><font face="Arial">The report is online at</font></div>
<div><font
face="Arial"
>http://montanafarmersunion.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/FINAL_Impa<span
></span>ct_Climate_Change_MT_Ag_Econ_Power_Consulting_2-24-2016.pdf</font
></div>
<div><font face="Arial"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Courier"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana">I have the pdfs of the trio below.
Lance</font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana">" ... organisms have
a physiological response to temperature, and these responses have
important consequences .... biological rates and times
(e.g. metabolic rate, growth, reproduction, mortality and activity)
vary with temperature."</font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana">Anthony I. Dell, Samraat Pawar and Van M.
Savage. Temperature dependence of trophic interactions are driven by
asymmetry of species responses and foraging strategy.<i> Journal of
Animal Ecology</i>
2013 </font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana"><br>
"Direct effects of climatic warming can be understood through
fatal decrements in an organism's performance in growth, reproduction,
foraging, immune competence, behaviors and competitiveness.
Performance in animals is supported by aerobic scope, the increase in
oxygen consumption rate from resting to maximal (9). Performance falls
below its optimum during cooling and warming. At both upper and lower
pejus temperatures, performance decrements result as the limiting
capacity for oxygen supply causes hypoxemia (4, 8) (see the figure,
left). Beyond low and high critical temperatures, only a passive,
anaerobic existence is possible."</font><br>
<font face="Verdana"></font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana">Hans O. Pörtner and Anthony P. Farrell.
Physiology and Climate Change.<i> SCIENCE</i> 31 OCTOBER
2008 VOL 322</font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana"><br>
"Between 1C and 2C increases in global mean temperatures most
species, ecosystems and landscapes will be impacted and adaptive
capacity will become limited."</font><br>
<font face="Verdana"></font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana">Rik Leemans and Bas Eickhout. Another reason
for concern: regional and global impacts on ecosystems for different
levels of climate change.<i> Global Environmental Change</i> 14 (2004)
219-228</font></div>
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