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--></style><title>Trend: US losing forests to expanding urban
areas</title></head><body>
<div><font face="Arial">USDA Forest Service Southern Research
Station</font></div>
<div><font face="Arial">Educating Future Engineers about Cities and
Trees</font></div>
<div><font face="Arial"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Geneva">As the U.S. loses more of its forests and
natural resources to the expansion of urban areas, it is
important to provide information about the benefits of trees, forests,
and natural areas to city planners and the engineers who design our
cities. Quantifying these environmental services can help these
professionals better understand their value in urban
areas.</font></div>
<div><font
face="Arial"><u
>http://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/compass/2016/03/16/educating-future-engin</u
>eers-about-cities-and-trees/</font></div>
<div><br></div>
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<div><font face="Verdana" size="-1"
color="#000000">--------------------------- Outlook for
"world's most exceptional ecoregions"
---------------------</font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana" size="-1" color="#000000"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana" size="-1" color="#000000">"The current
rate of warming due to increases in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is
very likely unprecedented over the last 10,000 y. ....
Extensive evidence has linked major changes in biological systems to
20th century warming. The "Global 200" comprises 238 ecoregions of
exceptional biodiversity. We assess the likelihood that, by 2070,
these iconic ecoregions will regularly experience monthly climatic
conditions that were extreme in 1961-1990. .... The entire range of
89 ecoregions will experience extreme monthly temperatures with a
local warming of <2 °C. Tropical and subtropical ecoregions, and
mangroves, face extreme conditions earliest, some with <1 °C
warming. .... These results suggest many Global 200
ecoregions may be under substantial climatic stress by
2100."</font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana" size="-1" color="#000000"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana" size="-1" color="#000000">Linda J. Beaumont,
Andrew Pitman, Sarah Perkins, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Nigel G. Yoccoz,
and Wilfried Thuiller. Impacts of climate change on the world's
most exceptional ecoregions. </font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana" size="-1" color="#000000">PNAS vol. 108 no.
6, 2306-2311, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1007217108</font></div>
<div><font face="Arial" size="-1"
color="#262626"
>http://www.pnas.org/content/108/6/2306.abstract?sid=b2edf147-77c8-42<span
></span>8a-bcc5-2d06313ef9ae</font></div>
<div><font face="Arial" size="-1" color="#262626"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Arial" color="#000000">This article contains
supporting information online at</font></div>
<div><font face="Arial"
color="#000000"
>www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.1007217108/-/DCSupplement<span
></span>al</font></div>
<div><font face="Times New Roman" size="-1"
color="#000000"
>--------------------------------------------------------------------<span
></span>-----------<br>
</font><font face="Geneva" size="-1" color="#000000">"Controlled
capitalism Š had been a truly colossal success. From the end of the
Second World War until the mid-1970s the American and European
economies were uplifted by many years of rapid growth, bringing
affluence from the relatively few to almost all."<br>
<br>
"In the late 1970s the tendency to control capitalism was
abruptly reversed."<br>
<br>
" Š the most striking feature of our turbo-capitalist times, the
hollowing-out of democratic governance over the economy."<br>
<br>
<br>
</font><font face="Lucida Grande" size="-1" color="#000000">Edward
Luttwak,<i> Turbo-Capitalism.</i><br>
1998 in Great Britain by Weidenfeld & Nicolson.<br>
1999 in the U.S. by Harper Collins.<br>
ISBN 0-06-019330-1</font></div>
<div><font face="Geneva" size="-1"
color="#000000"
>--------------------------------------------------------------------<span
></span>------------------------------------------------------------<br
>
"Also when faced with ecological stress so that goods of greatest
and immediate utility become scarce for a prolonged period, people
will change the decision strategies they employ with close kinsmen.
The shift is from concern with long term maximization of such payoffs
as children, lineage solidarity, enhanced prestige, and the like, to
concern for immediate survival. People now seek to maximize goods,
especially foodstuffs, of the most immediate utility. With return to
relative affluence, people again become concerned with long term
maximization."</font><br>
<font face="Geneva" size="-1" color="#000000"></font></div>
<div><font face="Geneva" size="-1" color="#000000">Chapter Three:
"Adaption and Survival in So: A Diachronic Study of Deprivation," by
Charles D. Laughlin, in<i> Extinction and Survival in Human
Populations.</i> Charles D. Laughlin and Ivan A. Brady, eds.
Columbia University Press. 1978</font></div>
<div><font face="Geneva" size="-1" color="#000000"><br></font></div>
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