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<div><font face="Geneva">Global Change Biology - Early View -Online
Version of Record published before inclusion in an issue</font>
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2486/earlyv<span
></span>iew</div>
<div><br></div>
<div><font face="Times" size="+2">Increases in residential and energy
development are associated with reductions in recruitment for a large
ungulate</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande">Heather E. Johnson,</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande" size="-1">Colorado Parks and Wildlife,
Durango, CO, USA<i><x-tab>
</x-tab><x-tab>
</x-tab></i></font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande">Jessica R. Sushinsky,</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande" size="-1">Wildlife Conservation
Society and Department of Fish, Wildlife, & Conservation Biology,
Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande">Andrew Holland,</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande" size="-1">Colorado Parks and Wildlife,
Fort Collins, CO, USA</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande">Eric J. Bergman,</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande" size="-1">Colorado Parks and Wildlife,
Fort Collins, CO, USA</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande">Trevor Balzer,</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande" size="-1">Colorado Parks and Wildlife,
Grand Junction, CO, USA</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande">James Garner,</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande" size="-1">Colorado Parks and Wildlife,
Montrose, CO, USA</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande">Sarah E. Reed</font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande" size="-1">Wildlife Conservation
Society and Department of Fish, Wildlife, & Conservation Biology,
Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA</font></div>
<div><font face="Times" size="-3"><br></font></div>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande">Abstract<b> [open
access]</b></font></div>
<div><font
face="Lucida Grande"><b
>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.13385/full</b></font></div
>
<div><font face="Lucida Grande"><br>
Land-use change due to anthropogenic development is pervasive across
the globe and commonly associated with negative consequences for
biodiversity. While land-use change has been linked to shifts in the
behavior and habitat-use patterns of wildlife species, little is known
about its influence on animal population dynamics, despite the
relevance of such information for conservation. We conducted the first
broad-scale investigation correlating temporal patterns of land-use
change with the demographic rates of mule deer, an iconic species in
the western United States experiencing wide-scale population declines.
We employed a unique combination of long-term (1980-2010) data on
residential and energy development across western Colorado, in
conjunction with congruent data on deer recruitment, to quantify
annual changes in land-use and correlate those changes with annual
indices of demographic performance. We also examined annual variation
in weather conditions, which are well recognized to influence ungulate
productivity, and provided a basis for comparing the relative strength
of different covariates in their association with deer recruitment.
Using linear mixed models, we found that increasing residential and
energy development within deer habitat were correlated with declining
recruitment rates, particularly within seasonal winter ranges.
Residential housing had two times the magnitude of effect of any other
factor we investigated, and energy development had an effect size
similar to key weather variables known to be important to ungulate
dynamics. This analysis is the first to correlate a demographic
response in mule deer with residential and energy development at large
spatial extents relevant to population performance, suggesting that
further increases in these development types on deer ranges are not
compatible with the goal of maintaining highly productive deer
populations. Our results underscore the significance of expanding
residential development on mule deer populations, a factor that has
received little research attention in recent years, despite its
rapidly increasing footprint across the landscape.</font></div>
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<div><font face="Geneva" size="-2" color="#000000">The
Economist 21 July 2001<br>
<br>
Big Scary Monsters</font></div>
<div><font face="Geneva" size="-2" color="#000000">Mortgage-lending
agencies in America</font><br>
<font face="Geneva" size="-2" color="#000000"></font></div>
<div><font face="Geneva" size="-2" color="#000000">4
excerpts</font></div>
<div><font face="Geneva" size="-2" color="#000000"><br>
"The driving force behind what little economic growth is now taking
place in the world is, you might argue, America's housing
market."<br>
<br>
"Yet, says John Lonski, an economist at Moody's, a credit-rating
agency, the economy relies too much on a single sector, housing, to
avoid recession."<br>
<br>
"Indeed, there may right now [2001] be the makings of a bubble in
house prices."<br>
<br>
"Perhaps housing loans should be subsidised, particularly for the
poor, because home ownership is desirable. Even if true, this
only partly gets Fannie and Freddie off the hook. For their
ambitions focus ever more on moving upmarket. They are lobbying
for the cap on mortgages that they can offer to rise, from $275,000 to
$412,000 - to help the 'ill-housed wealthy', perhaps, murmurs one
analyst."</font></div>
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