<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">Biology Letters </span><span class="m_-9025168640224937728highwire-cite-metadata-date" style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;">Published 19 July 2017</span><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 12.8px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">.</span><span class="m_-9025168640224937728highwire-cite-metadata-doi" style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><span class="m_-9025168640224937728label" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">DOI:</span> 10.1098/rsbl.2017.<wbr class="">0301</span><div style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><h1 class="m_-9025168640224937728highwire-cite-title" style="font-size: 12.8px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.22em; letter-spacing: -0.03em; margin: 5px 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;"><span style="font-size: 14px;" class="">Drought-induced starvation of aardvarks in the Kalahari: an indirect effect of climate change</span></h1><div class="m_-9025168640224937728highwire-cite-authors" style="font-size: 12.8px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25;"><span class="m_-9025168640224937728highwire-citation-authors" style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: normal; text-transform: inherit; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif !important;"><span class="m_-9025168640224937728has-tooltip m_-9025168640224937728first m_-9025168640224937728hasTooltip m_-9025168640224937728highwire-citation-author" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-color: transparent; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; white-space: nowrap; display: inline-block;"><span class="m_-9025168640224937728nlm-given-names" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">Benjamin</span> <span class="m_-9025168640224937728nlm-surname" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">Rey</span></span>, <span class="m_-9025168640224937728has-tooltip m_-9025168640224937728highwire-citation-author m_-9025168640224937728hasTooltip" aria-describedby="qtip-0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-color: transparent; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; white-space: nowrap; display: inline-block;"><span class="m_-9025168640224937728nlm-given-names" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">Andrea</span> <span class="m_-9025168640224937728nlm-surname" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">Fuller</span></span>, <span class="m_-9025168640224937728has-tooltip m_-9025168640224937728highwire-citation-author m_-9025168640224937728hasTooltip" aria-describedby="qtip-1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-color: transparent; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; white-space: nowrap; display: inline-block;"><span class="m_-9025168640224937728nlm-given-names" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">D<wbr class="">uncan</span> <span class="m_-9025168640224937728nlm-surname" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">Mitchell</span></span>, <span class="m_-9025168640224937728highwire-citation-author" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-color: transparent; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; white-space: nowrap; display: inline-block;"><span class="m_-9025168640224937728nlm-given-names" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">Leith C. R.</span> <span class="m_-9025168640224937728nlm-surname" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">Meyer</span></span>, <span class="m_-9025168640224937728highwire-citation-author" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-color: transparent; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; white-space: nowrap; display: inline-block;"><span class="m_-9025168640224937728nlm-given-names" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">Robyn S.</span> <span class="m_-9025168640224937728nlm-surname" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit;">Hetem</span></span></span></div><div class="m_-9025168640224937728highwire-cite-authors" style="font-size: 12.8px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; white-space: nowrap; text-transform: inherit;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div class="m_-9025168640224937728highwire-cite-authors" style="font-size: 12.8px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; white-space: nowrap; text-transform: inherit;" class="">Abstract</span></div><div class="m_-9025168640224937728highwire-cite-authors" style="margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.25;"><h2 style="font-size: 12.8px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.43em; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif !important;" class=""><a href="http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/13/7/20170301" target="_blank" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/13/7/20170301&source=gmail&ust=1501375438424000&usg=AFQjCNES2bIrTpmmIzTO3WKy8M6zGII9mQ" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" class="">http://rsbl.<wbr class="">royalsocietypublishing.org/<wbr class="">content/13/7/20170301</a></h2><h2 style="padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.43em;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class="">Aardvarks (<em style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;" class="">Orycteropus afer</em>) are elusive burrowing mammals, predominantly nocturnal and distributed widely throughout Africa except for arid deserts. Their survival may be threatened by climate change via direct and indirect effects of increasing heat and aridity. To measure their current physiological plasticity, we implanted biologgers into six adult aardvarks resident in the semi-arid Kalahari. Following a particularly dry and hot summer, five of the study aardvarks and 11 other aardvarks at the study site died. Body temperature records revealed homeothermy (35.4–37.2°C) initially, but heterothermy increased progressively through the summer, with declining troughs in the nychthemeral rhythm of body temperature reaching as low as 25°C before death, likely due to starvation. Activity patterns shifted from the normal nocturnal to a diurnal mode. Our results do not bode well for the future of aardvarks facing climate change. Extirpation of aardvarks, which play a key role as ecosystem engineers, may disrupt stability of African ecosystems.</span></h2></div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">
<div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^<br class="">“In 1972, pursuing his calculations of ice-cover feedbacks, Budyko declared that, at the rate we were pumping CO2 into the atmosphere, the ice covering the Arctic Ocean might melt entirely by 2050. <br class="">And glacier experts were developing models that suggested how warming might cause the ice sheets of Antarctica to break up swiftly and shock the climate system. Bryson and others worked harder<br class=""> than ever to bring their concerns to the attention of the broader scientific community and the public.<br class=""><br class="">“Most scientists spoke more cautiously.”<br class=""><br class="">Physics Today (American Institute of Physics)<br class=""><a href="http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/magazine/physicstoday/article/56/8/10.1063/1.1611350" class="">http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/magazine/physicstoday/article/56/8/10.1063/1.1611350</a><br class=""><br class=""></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><br class=""></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><br class=""></div></div></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
</div>
<br class=""></body></html>