<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><br class=""><div class="">
<div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class=""><a href="https://grist.org/article/to-fear-or-not-to-fear-a-conversation-between-david-wallace-wells-and-eric-holthaus/" class="">https://grist.org/article/to-fear-or-not-to-fear-a-conversation-between-david-wallace-wells-and-eric-holthaus/</a></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><br class=""></div>-- <br class=""><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><div style="font-size: small; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><div class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><div><font size="2" class="">****************************************************<br class="">“The molecule of carbon dioxide has strong absorption bonds, particularly in the infrared region of the spectrum at wavelengths of from 12 to 18 microns. This is the spectral region where most of the thermal energy radiating from earth to space is concentrated. </font></div><div><font size="2" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div><font size="2" class="">"By increasing the absorption of this radiation ... the carbon dioxide reduces the amount of heat energy lost by earth to outer space."<br class=""><br class="">“The atmospheric engine is subtle in it operation and delicate in its adjustments. Extra inputs of energy … can have significant and far-reaching consequences.”<br class=""><br class="">Singer, Fred S. "Human Energy Production as a process in the biosphere," Scientific American, September 1970.<br class=""><br class="">~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~<br class="">"Indeed, the relatively modest warming experienced so far (0.85 °C increase since1880) is already driving arguably dangerous impacts, including more deaths from extreme heat, widespread forest die-off from climate-driven heat stress and drought, and more extreme coastal flooding from higher storm surges resulting from sea-level rise.”<br class=""><br class="">Todd Sanford, Peter C. Frumho , Amy Luers and Jay Gulledge. The climate policy narrative for a dangerously warming world. Nature Climate Change, March 2014.</font></div><div style="font-size: 14px;" class=""><br class=""></div></div></div></div></div><div style="font-size: small; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><div style="font-size: 14px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class="">~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~<br class="">"What we are witnessing is major hydrologic change," said co-author Jay Famiglietti. <br class=""><br class="">"We see a distinctive pattern of the wet land areas of the world getting wetter -- those are the high latitudes and the tropics -- and the dry areas in between getting dryer. Embedded within the dry areas we see multiple hotspots resulting from groundwater depletion.”<br class=""><br class=""><a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2018-102" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);" class="">https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2018-102</a></span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class="">~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class="">“The changes experienced by the biosphere over the past century ... have raised concerns about the possibility of rapid shifts from green to desert states.” </span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class="">Richard Sole'. Scaling laws in the drier. Nature 13 September 2007</span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class="">~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class="">"The big challenge is still to deliver emissions reductions at the pace and scale needed, especially in a world where economies are driven by consumption.”<br class=""><br class="">Sonja van Renssen.The inconvenient truth of failed climate policies. Nature Climate Change MAY 2018<br class=""><br class="">Published online: 27 April 2018 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0155-4" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);" class="">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0155-4</a> </span></div><div class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><br class=""></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
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