<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><p style="margin: 0px 0px 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Environmental Research Letters Published 8 September 2017</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">PERSPECTIVE • </b></span></p><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">Limiting climate change: what's most worth doing?</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Paul C Stern and Kimberly S Wolske</span></div><p style="margin: 0px 0px 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""> • © 2017 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd<br class="">
<a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1748-9326" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(0, 110, 178); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 110, 178);" class="">Environmental Research Letters</span></a>, <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/volume/1748-9326/12" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(0, 110, 178); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 110, 178);" class="">Volume 12</span></a>, <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/issue/1748-9326/12/9" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(0, 110, 178); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 110, 178);" class="">Number 9</span></a></span></p><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">OPEN ACCESS</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(0, 110, 178); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 110, 178);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #f3f3f3" class=""><a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8467/pdf" class="">Article PDF<span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span></a></span></div><p style="margin: 0px 0px 8.4px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">8,072</b> Total downloads</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #e7edf6" class="">This is a perspective for the article <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa7541" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(0, 97, 158); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 97, 158);" class="">2017 <i class="">Environ. Res. Lett.</i> <b class="">12</b> 074024</span></a></span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Abstract</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Wynes and Nicholas (2017 <i class="">Environ. Res. Lett.</i> <b class="">12</b> 074024) claim that some of the most important actions individuals can take to mitigate climate change have been overlooked, particularly in educational messages for adolescents, and estimate the potential impact of some of these, including having fewer children and living car free. These estimates raise questions that deserve serious analysis, but they are based only on the technical potential of the actions and do not consider the plasticity of the behaviors and the feasibility of policies to support them. The actions identified as having the greatest potential are lifestyle changes that accrue benefits over a lifetime or longer, so are not realistic alternatives to actions that can be enacted immediately. But </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #fffb00" class="">presenting lifestyle choices and the relative impacts of different actions as discussion starters for adolescents could be promising,</span><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""> especially if the discussions highlight issues of behavioral plasticity, policy plasticity, and time scale. Research has identified design principles for interventions to achieve the strongest emissions reductions at time scales up to the decadal. Design principles for achieving longer-lasting changes deserve careful analytic attention, as well as a stronger focus in adolescent textbooks and messages to the general population. </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #fffb00" class="">Both adolescents and researchers would do well to think carefully about what could promote the generational changes needed to reach a climate change target such as 'well below 2</span><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; -webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class=""> </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #fffb00" class="">°C'.</span></p><div class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #fffb00" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div class="">
<div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^<br class=""><br class="">“Just remember, this is not your grandfather's atmosphere. Things are different now, and will get even more-so in the coming years … "<br class=""><br class=""><a href="http://blogs.agu.org/wildwildscience/2015/12/02/the-coming-winter-part-two-the-elephant-in-the-room/" class="">http://blogs.agu.org/wildwildscience/2015/12/02/the-coming-winter-part-two-the-elephant-in-the-room/</a></div>
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