<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><a href="https://news.google.com/articles/CBMiVWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNsaW1hdGVsaWFiaWxpdHluZXdzLm9yZy8yMDE5LzEyLzAzL2V4eG9uLWNhcmJvbi10YXgtaW1wZXJpYWwtb2lsLWNhbmFkYS_SAQA?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US%3Aen" class="">Exxon backs a small carbon tax, knows only a big one will save the climate</a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Newly discovered documents show Exxon understood decades ago a strong carbon tax was needed to slow climate change, but chose to highlight uncertainty.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Climate Liability News</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">2 days ago</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(32, 33, 36); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://news.google.com/articles/CAIiEA1yJ-K_NKEolTgoxegy0h4qFQgEKg0IACoGCAowxYgCMIBNMOGXAg?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US%3Aen" class="">28 Years Ago, Big Oil Predicted It Would Take A High Price On Carbon To Stop Warming<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; -webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">As far back as 1991, the Canadian arm of Exxon Mobil Corp.'s empire anticipated that a high tax on carbon emissions would be necessary to maintain a stable …</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://news.google.com/publications/CAAqBggKMMWIAjCATQ?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US%3Aen" class="">HuffPost<span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; -webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(32, 33, 36); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class="">2 days ago</span></div><div class="">
<div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="font-size: 14px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class="">^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^</span></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><b class="">Elizabeth Kolbert:</b> "</span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""> And I think the point that Bill has made, and I agree with it, is<b class=""> </b></span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class=""><b class="">maybe</b></span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><b class=""> </b>we can avoid the worst possible future. But I don’t think at this point we can avoid a lot, a lot, a lot of damage.”</span></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span><br class=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><b class="">Bill McKibben:</b></span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""> <b style="background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class="">“Look, Betsy’s right. </b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">So we’re not playing for stopping climate change. We’re playing</span> <b style="background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class="">maybe </b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">for being able to slow it down to the point where it doesn’t make civilizations impossible.</span> </span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">That’s an open question. There are scientists who tell you we’re already past that point. The consensus, at least for the moment, is that we’ve got a narrow and closing window, but that </span><b class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class="">if we move with everything we have,</span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""> then,</span></b><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class=""> <b class="">perhaps,</b></span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""> we’ll be able to squeeze a fair amount of our legacy through it. But Betsy is right, an already very difficult century is going to become a lot harder no matter what we do. It’s at this point trying to keep it from becoming not a difficult and even miserable century but a literally impossible one.”</span></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(0, 105, 217); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="text-decoration: underline; -webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px;" class=""><a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/the-new-yorker-interview/bill-mckibben-and-elizabeth-kolbert-on-the-un-extinction-report" class="">https://www.newyorker.com/news/the-new-yorker-interview/bill-mckibben-and-elizabeth-kolbert-on-the-un-extinction-report</a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span><br class=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 12px;" class=""><b class="">^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(29, 33, 41);" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-font-kerning: none;" class="">“A new area of study is the field that some of us are beginning to call social traps. </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-font-kerning: none;" class="">The term refers to situations in society that contain </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-font-kerning: none;" class="">traps formally like a fish trap,</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""> </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">where men or whole societies get themselves started in some direction or some </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">set of relationships that later prove to be unpleasant or lethal and that they see </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class="">no easy way to back out of or to avoid."</span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class=""><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); min-height: 15px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span><br class=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 12px;" class="">John Platt. Social Traps. American Psychologist, August 1973</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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