<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 117, 122); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(112, 117, 122);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">About 50,600,000 results (0.71 seconds) </span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 117, 122); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(112, 117, 122);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br class=""></span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><b class="">Featured snippet from the web</b></span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(102, 0, 153); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26542037" class="">Infectious Risks of Air Travel. - NCBI</a></span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 67); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26542037" class="">www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pubmed<span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(60, 64, 67);"></span></a></span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;">Air transportation is a major vehicle for the rapid spread and dissemination of communicable diseases, and there have been a number of reported outbreaks of serious airborne diseases aboard commercial flights including tuberculosis, severe acute respiratory syndrome, influenza, smallpox, and measles, to name a few.</span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); min-height: 17px;"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"></span><br class=""></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(102, 0, 153); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(102, 0, 153);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/195/5/621/841980" class="">Germs on a Plane: Aircraft, International Travel, and the ...</a></span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 67); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(60, 64, 67);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/195/5/621/841980" class="">academic.oup.com › jid › article<span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(60, 64, 67);"></span></a></span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 117, 122); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(112, 117, 122);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;">by AT Pavia - 2007 </span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 117, 122); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(112, 117, 122);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;">- <a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?rlz=1C5CHFA_enUS737US737&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&cites=9211875324580069604" class=""><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(26, 13, 171); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(26, 13, 171);">Cited by 32</span></a> </span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 117, 122); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(112, 117, 122);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;">- <a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?rlz=1C5CHFA_enUS737US737&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:5ADIFM0n1383TM:scholar.google.com/" class=""><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(26, 13, 171); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(26, 13, 171);">Related articles</span></a></span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 67); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(60, 64, 67);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;">The impact of air </span><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(82, 86, 90); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(82, 86, 90);">travel</span><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"> on the spread of infectious </span><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(82, 86, 90); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(82, 86, 90);">diseases</span><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"> has led to considerable concern but limited study [1, 2]. </span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(102, 0, 153); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(102, 0, 153); min-height: 17px;"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_hazards_of_air_travel" class=""></a></span><br class=""></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(102, 0, 153); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(102, 0, 153);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_hazards_of_air_travel" class="">Health hazards of air travel - Wikipedia</a></span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 67); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(60, 64, 67);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_hazards_of_air_travel" class="">en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Health_hazards_of_air_travel<span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(60, 64, 67);"></span></a></span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 67); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(60, 64, 67);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;">There is very limited research done on contagious </span><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(82, 86, 90); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(82, 86, 90);">diseases</span><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"> on aircraft.</span></div><div class="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 67); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(60, 64, 67);"><span class="" style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><br class=""></span></div><div class="">
<div dir="auto" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div><font size="2" class="">~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~<br class="">“For many terrestrial organisms in the Northern Hemisphere, winter is … survivable only because a seasonal refugium - the “subnivium” - exists beneath the snow. <br class=""><br class=""></font></div><div><font size="2" class="">"We believe that ecologists and managers are overlooking this widespread, crucial, and vulnerable seasonal refugium, which is rapidly deteriorating due to global climate change” </font></div><div><font size="2" class=""><br class="">Pauli et al ( 2013). The subnivium: a deteriorating seasonal refugium. Frontiers in Ecology and Environment</font></div></div></div></div></div><div class=""><font size="2" class=""><<<a href="https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1890/120222" class="">https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1890/120222</a>>></font></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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