<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Because all aspects of climate are deeply tangled with the economy, and because the economy is always and everywhere a political animal, expect some posts on climate and some on climate-related economics and some on climate-related politics.<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The form of posts will vary, sometimes a quick list or mini-anthology of excerpts from a number of articles on the same topic, sometimes an excerpt from a single analysis. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">At bottom, the set of conditions we summarize as climate have already been worsening, will continue to worsen to at least some extent no matter what we do, and limiting the extent of worsening will require unprecedented efforts and sacrifices across all sectors of society in an alarmingly short time. There’s high risk of failure due to unpopularity of the necessary and the simple, psychological classic, resistance to change.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Now for this week’s post. In the paragraph below, substitute economic systems where the authors refer to ecological systems, and economy where the authors refer to ecosystem:</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div>“Localized ecological systems are known to shift abruptly and irreversibly from one state to another when they are forced across critical thresholds. Here we review evidence that the global ecosystem as a whole can react in the same way and is approaching a planetary-scale critical transition as a result of human influence."</div><div><br class="">Barnovsky et al. Approaching a state shift in Earth’s biosphere. Nature Volume 486, 07 June 2012<br class=""><<<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nature11018" class="">https://www.nature.com/articles/nature11018</a>>></div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">PS - Summer heat will bring news reports about risk to Montana's fish as rivers and their tributaries heat up, and there may be some fatalities</div><div class=""><br class=""><div class="">
<div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class="">********************</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class="">"An ecologist must either </span>harden his shell and make believe that the consequences of science are none of his business, or he must be the doctor who sees the marks of death in a community that believes itself well </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px;" class="">and does not want to be told otherwise.”</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span><br class=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px;" class="">Aldo Leopold</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px;" class="">A Sand County Almanac</span></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 85, 85); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px;" class="">###################</span></div><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 85, 85); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px;" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 85, 85); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px;" class="">"But the scale of climate change engulfs even the most fortunate. There is now no weather we haven’t touched, no wilderness immune from our encroaching pressure. The world we once knew is never coming back.</span></div><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 85, 85); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span><br class=""></span></div><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 85, 85); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px;" class="">"I have no hope that these changes can be reversed. We are inevitably <a href="https://onbeing.org/blog/kate-marvel-we-should-never-have-called-it-earth" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="">sending our children</span></a> to live on an unfamiliar planet. But the opposite of hope is not despair. It is grief.</span></div><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 85, 85); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span><br class=""></span></div><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 85, 85); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px;" class="">"We need courage, not hope."</span></div><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 85, 85); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 23px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span><br class=""></span></div><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(119, 119, 119); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 85, 85);" class="">Kate Marvel, </span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class="">physicist, climate scientist, NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies and Columbia University’s Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics</span></span></div><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(119, 119, 119); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 12px;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span><br class=""></span></div><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 238);" class=""><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; -webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-size: 12px;" class=""><<<a href="https://onbeing.org/blog/kate-marvel-we-need-courage-not-hope-to-face-climate-change/" class=""><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Times; -webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 238); background-color: transparent; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 238);" class="">https://onbeing.org/blog/kate-marvel-we-need-courage-not-hope-to-face-climate-change/</span></a>>></span></div><div class=""><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Helvetica; -webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(119, 119, 119); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-size: 12px;" class=""><br class=""></span></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
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