<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">“The growth in CO2 emissions closely follows the growth in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) corrected for improvements in energy efficiency.”</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">P. Friedlingstein, et al. “Update on CO2 emissions.” </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><i class="">Nature Geoscience. </i>Published online: 21 November 2010</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">——————————————————————————</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">“Changes in world GDP (WGDP) have a significant effect on CO2 concentrations, so that years of above-trend WGDP are years of greater rise of CO2 concentrations.”</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Granados et al. Climate change and the world economy: short-run determinants of atmospheric CO2. <i class="">Environmental science & policy</i> 21 (2012) 50–62</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">——————————————————————————</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(26, 26, 26); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">In one chart, state-by-state GDP growth with easing of COVID restrictions </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(16, 60, 192); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="text-decoration: underline ; font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://www.marketwatch.com/story/in-one-chart-gdp-growth-by-state-as-covid-recovery-takes-hold-11625071849?" class="">https://www.marketwatch.com/story/in-one-chart-gdp-growth-by-state-as-covid-recovery-takes-hold-11625071849?</a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(26, 26, 26); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">——————————————————————————</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://www.eesi.org/articles/view/the-fairy-tale-of-eternal-economic-growth" class=""></a></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""><a href="https://www.eesi.org/articles/view/the-fairy-tale-of-eternal-economic-growth" class="">The Fairy Tale of Eternal Economic Growth <span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 68);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #5d6267; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Oct 11, 2019 — </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Sixteen-year-old Swedish climate activist </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Greta Thunberg</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""> did not mince her words when she denounced the “</span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">fairy tale</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class="">” of eternal </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">economic</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""> ...</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 68); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">——————————————————————————</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="http://www.gci.org.uk/Greta_Thunberg_Key_Messages.html" class=""></a></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">“…many scientists say deep emissions cuts are necessary … to prevent … </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">dangerous consequences of global warming. </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">"Getting from here to there would require a massive economic shift.”</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Rachel Pannett and Jeffrey Ball. “Australia Approves Energy Bill.” </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">The Wall Street Journal p.A7, August 21, 2009</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 68); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class="">——————————————————————</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(26, 26, 26); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(26, 26, 26); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Scientific American, June 20 2021</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(26, 26, 26); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-delusion-of-infinite-economic-growth/" class="">https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-delusion-of-infinite-economic-growth/</a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(26, 26, 26); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(26, 26, 26); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(16, 60, 192);" class=""><span style="text-decoration: underline ; font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/earth-and-environment/" class=""><b class="">ENVIRONMENT | </b></a><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/section/opinion/" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(116, 116, 116);" class=""><b class="">OPINION</b></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(26, 26, 26); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(26, 26, 26);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""><b class="">The Delusion of Infinite Economic Growth</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Even “sustainable” technologies such as electric vehicles and wind turbines face unbreachable physical limits and exact grave environmental costs</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(16, 60, 192);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #414141; background-color: #ffffff" class="">By <a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/author/chirag-dhara/" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(16, 60, 192);" class="">Chirag Dhara</span></a>, <a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/author/vandana-singh/" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(16, 60, 192);" class="">Vandana Singh</span></a> </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(65, 65, 65); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(65, 65, 65);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""><b class="">1st 4 paragraphs</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(65, 65, 65); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">The electric vehicle (EV) has become one of the great modern symbols of a world awakened to the profound challenges of unsustainability and climate change. So much so that we may well imagine that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy_characters#Deep_Thought" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(65, 65, 65);" class="">Deep Thought’s</span></a><i class=""> </i>answer today to Life, the Universe and Everything might plausibly be “EV.” But, as Douglas Adams would surely have asked, if electric vehicles are the answer, what is the question?</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Let us imagine the “perfect” EV: solar powered, efficient, reliable and affordable. But is it <i class="">sustainable</i>? EVs powered by renewable energy may help reduce the carbon footprint of transport. </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Yet, the measure of sustainability is not merely the carbon footprint but the <a href="https://www.pnas.org/content/112/20/6271" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(65, 65, 65);" class="">material footprint</span></a>: the aggregate quantity of biomass, metal ores, construction minerals and fossil fuels used during production and consumption of a product. The approximate metric tonne weight of an EV constitutes materials such as metals (including rare earths), plastics, glass and rubber. Therefore, a global spike in the demand for EVs would drive an increased demand for each of these materials. </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Every stage of the life cycle of <i class="">any manufactured product</i> exacts environmental costs: habitat destruction, biodiversity loss and pollution (including carbon emissions) from extraction of raw materials, manufacturing / construction, through to disposal. Thus, it is the increasing global material footprint that is <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.07467" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(65, 65, 65);" class="">fundamentally the reason</span></a> for the twin climate and ecological crises.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">The global material footprint has grown in lockstep with the exponentially rising global economy (GDP) since the industrial revolution. This is largely because of egregious <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16941-y" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(65, 65, 65);" class="">consumption by the super-affluent</span></a> in a socioeconomic system founded on growth without limits. </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">Can we resolve this fundamental conflict between the quest for limitless growth and the consequent environmental destruction?</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(29, 29, 29); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(16, 60, 192); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="text-decoration: underline ; font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-delusion-of-infinite-economic-growth/" class="">https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-delusion-of-infinite-economic-growth/</a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(16, 60, 192); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="text-decoration: underline ; font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">=============================</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class=""></b></span><br class=""></div><p style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(10, 10, 10); background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">Excerpt : </b>The cost of raw materials is emerging as a key concern as the world tries to transition away from fossil fuels. Energy systems that run on wind, solar and battery resources are much more mineral-intensive than those fueled by hydrocarbon resources, the International Energy Agency said in a recent report. An onshore wind farm, for example, requires nine times more minerals than a natural gas plant, the agency said.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(10, 10, 10); background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">"While activity remained strong in the U.S. renewable energy market during the first quarter, executives and analysts are warning of potential disruptions as prices for iron ore and copper hit record highs. Analysts at Roth Capital Partners LLC on May 16 said 15% of utility-scale solar projects could be delayed this year."</span></p><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(16, 60, 192);" class=""><span style="text-decoration: underline ; font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/surging-metals-prices-drag-on-renewable-energy-industry-64322166" class="">https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/surging-metals-prices-drag-on-renewable-energy-industry-64322166<span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">=============================</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><p style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">Excerpt : </b>“A recent Financial Times report <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/2f8dd951-a1b1-410a-89dd-14728c56235d" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 233);" class="">noted</span></a> that the shares of solar power companies have shed some 18 percent since the start of the year as the</span><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Arial; -webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""> <b class=""><i class="">prices of steel, polysilicon, and transportation have all soared</i></b>.</span><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""> The chief executive of the U.S. Solar Fund expects these higher raw material prices to boost new solar installation costs by as much as 20 percent. And the US Solar Industries Association warned </span><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Arial; -webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><b class=""><i class="">this is only the beginning</i></b></span><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">: “compounding cost increases across all materials are just beginning to affect installers,” the association said.</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; font-family: Arial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; -webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><b class="">[ </b></span><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">Bold emphasis in original </b></span><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; font-family: Verdana; -webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><b class="">]</b></span></p><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(16, 60, 192);" class=""><span style="text-decoration: underline ; font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://oilprice.com/Alternative-Energy/Solar-Energy/Solar-Has-An-Unlikely-New-Enemy.html" class="">https://oilprice.com/Alternative-Energy/Solar-Energy/Solar-Has-An-Unlikely-New-Enemy.html<span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(16, 16, 16); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">=============================</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class=""></b></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://news.google.com/articles/CCAiC1dQcGd5amp4YnZFmAEB?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US%3Aen" class="">'Politicians silent' on renewables technology waste ending up in landfill<span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Sky News Australia</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">4 days ago</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">——————————————————————————</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="http://www.gci.org.uk/Greta_Thunberg_Key_Messages.html" class=""></a></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">“…many scientists say deep emissions cuts are necessary … to prevent … </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">dangerous consequences of global warming. </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">"Getting from here to there would<font face="Arial" class=""> </font></span><font face="Arial" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class=""><b class="">require a massive economic shift.</b></span><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">”</span></font></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Rachel Pannett and Jeffrey Ball. “Australia Approves Energy Bill.” </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">The Wall Street Journal p.A7, August 21, 2009</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class=""></b></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""><b class="">=============================</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="text-decoration: underline ; font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Inside Climate News June 18, 2021</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/18062021/degrowth-economies-climate-change-technology-gdp/" class="">https://insideclimatenews.org/news/18062021/degrowth-economies-climate-change-technology-gdp/</a></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;" class=""><br class=""></div><p style="margin: 5px 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(0, 0, 255);" class=""><span style="color: #000000" class="">Review of <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-22884-9" class="">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-22884-9</a></span></p><p style="margin: 5px 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;" class=""><b class="">Is the Controlled Shrinking of Economies a Better Bet to Slow Climate Change Than Unproven Technologies?</b></p><p style="margin: 5px 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;" class="">New research suggests social transformations that prompt “degrowth” could cut humanity’s climate footprint in time to meet the Paris climate agreement target.</p><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(0, 0, 255);" class=""><span style="color: #000000" class="">By <a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/profile/bob-berwyn/" class="">Bob Berwyn</a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;" class=""><a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/18062021/degrowth-economies-climate-change-technology-gdp/" class="">https://insideclimatenews.org/news/18062021/degrowth-economies-climate-change-technology-gdp/</a></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;" class=""><br class=""></div><p style="margin: 5px 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;" class=""><b class="">Excerpt : </b>Existing plans to limit global warming rely too much on “increasingly unrealistic assumptions” that societies will be able to remove huge amounts of carbon from the atmosphere while simultaneously maintaining incessant economic growth over the next 50 years, according to a May 2021 <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-22884-9" class=""><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);" class="">study</span></a> in Nature Communications. These strategies appear to be speeding the planet deeper into the climate crisis, the authors said.</p><p style="margin: 5px 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;" class="">Economic degrowth—strategies to shrink the economies of rich, developed countries while maintaining the wellbeing of the people and environments they are based on—might be less risky, and a better way to meet the goals of the Paris climate agreement. <span style="background-color: #ffff0a" class="">Efforts to slow climate change that are built on structural social changes, like rethinking the way we work, produce food, heat our homes and move around could be more successful than those that rely on uncertain carbon removal technologies, they said.</span></p><p style="margin: 5px 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;" class="">There are “substantial uncertainties” associated with those technologies, said co-author <a href="https://www.sydney.edu.au/science/about/our-people/academic-staff/manfred-lenzen.html" class=""><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);" class="">Manfred Lenzen</span></a>, of the University of Sydney’s School of Physics. “Carbon dioxide removal, including carbon capture and storage, is in its infancy and has never been deployed at scale,” he said.</p><p style="margin: 5px 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="text-decoration: underline ; color: #0000ff" class=""><a href="https://twitter.com/LorenzClimate" class="">Lorenz Keyßer</a></span>, an environmental systems researcher with ETH Zürich and co-author of the study, added that the consequences of misjudgements of how much carbon future technologies could remove from the atmosphere or keep from being emitted in the first place would be severe. “The over-reliance on unprecedented carbon dioxide removal and energy efficiency gains means we risk catastrophic climate change if one of the assumptions does not materialize,” he said.</p><p style="margin: 5px 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;" class="">Degrowth is described by ecological economists in Europe as<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class=""> downscaling production and consumption [ i.e., spending ] </span>in wealthy countries, while improving their ecological conditions and maintaining people’s quality of life. The goal is to make well-being independent from economic growth.</p><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(26, 26, 26); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">=============================</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); min-height: 16px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""><a href="https://thetyee.ca/Mediacheck/2019/09/30/Endless-Growth-Fairy-Tales-Will-Destroy-Us/" class="">Greta Thunberg Is Right. Fairy Tales of Endless Growth Will ...<span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 68);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #5d6267; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Sep 30, 2019 — </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Greta Thunberg</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class="">: 'We are at the beginning of mass extinction, and all you can talk about is money and </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">fairy tales</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""> of eternal </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">economic growth</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class="">.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2019-09-24/greta-thunberg-climate-change-speech" class=""></a></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""><a href="https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2019-09-24/greta-thunberg-climate-change-speech" class="">Greta Thunberg's powerful rebuke of 'fairy tales of eternal ...<span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 68);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #5d6267; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Sep 24, 2019 — </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Greta Thunberg</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""> and young activists like her are calling for a sustainable </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">economic</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""> system that values something besides </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">growth</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""> at all costs.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27); min-height: 16px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2019/09/23/how-dare-you-greta-thunberg-rages-fairytales-eternal-economic-growth-un-climate" class="">'How Dare You!': Greta Thunberg Rages at 'Fairytales of ...</a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 68);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #5d6267; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Sep 23, 2019 — </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class="">'How Dare You!': </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Greta Thunberg</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""> Rages at '</span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Fairytales</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""> of Eternal </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Economic</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""> </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055; background-color: #ffffff" class="">Growth</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class="">' at UN Climate Summit ... "Entire ecosytems are collapsing. We ...</span></div><div class="">
<div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><font color="#ff2600" size="2" class="">=====================</font></span></span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><font color="#ff2600" size="2" class=""><br class=""></font></span></span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration: none; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><font size="2" class="">“Booms have consequences.”</font></span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration: none; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><font size="2" class=""><br class=""></font></span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration: none; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><font size="2" class="">James Grant. <i class="">Money of the Mind : Borrowing and Lending in America from the Civil War to Michael Milken.</i> Farrar Straus Giroux. 1992.</font></span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.1px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);" class=""><font size="2" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.1px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><font color="#ff2600" size="2" class="">~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</font></span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.1px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><font size="2" class=""><br class=""></font></span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.1px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);" class=""><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;" class=""><font size="2" class="">In a July, 2001 editorial, <i class="">The Economist </i>said that “It is no coincidence that the deepest and most protracted recessions in recent decades have taken hold in countries that experienced booms ...” </font></span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration: none; margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><br class=""></div>
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