<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);" class="">“In fact, small and large business have as much in common as the trout and the fisherman ….. The trout and the fisherman may agree, temporarily, on an economic program, but the trout will discover, too late, that the program was not just a mayfly for the trout; there was also the matter of the trout for the fisherman.”</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">“The agendas of Main Street and Wall Street were to clash repeatedly during the Reagan years, and the administration would consistently demonstrate that, though its heart and lips were with Main Street, its brain was with Manhattan. Monetary, fiscal, and trade policy<span style="background-color: #ffff0a" class=""> set Main Street and Wall Street against each other:</span> in all of these areas, and also in its attitude to the critical financial industry, the administration came down on the side of big business.”</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Walter Russell Mead. Mortal Splendor: The American Empire in Transition. Houghton Mifflin, <span style="background-color: #ffff0a" class=""><b class="">1987</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">====================================</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">“The gap between high- and low-income families has widened steadily since about 1980, hitting a new high every year since 1985. “</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Business Week, November 21,</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class=""><b class=""> 1994,</b></span><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""> p. 72.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class="">===============================</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">" … <span style="background-color: #ffff0a" class="">the main dangers to the success of capitalism </span>are the very people who would consider themselves its most ardent advocates : the bosses of companies, the owners of companies, and the politicians who tirelessly insist that they are 'pro-business'.”</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">"Many of the <span style="background-color: #ffff0a" class="">corporate scandals</span> that America, especially, has endured in recent years reflect<span style="background-color: #ffff0a" class=""> outright criminality</span>. A lawful order knows what to do with criminals, a<span style="background-color: #ffff0a" class="">nd pro-business politicians are in truth militantly anti-capitalist if they flinch</span> from cracking down on bosses' crimes."</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">“… widespread and quite outrageous <span style="background-color: #ffff0a" class="">abuse, by capitalists, of capitalism </span>… The danger exists everywhere in the world, but it matters most in the United States.”</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">The Economist, Special 160th Anniversary Issue, A Survey of Capitalism and Democracy, June 26-July 4, <span style="background-color: #ffff0a" class=""><b class="">2003</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class="">==================================</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://news.google.com/articles/CBMiKmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJiYy5jb20vbmV3cy9idXNpbmVzcy01OTU2NTY5MNIBAA?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US%3Aen" class="">Super-rich increase their share of world's income<span style="font-kerning: none; color: #18191b" class=""></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">BBC News</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Dec 7, </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class=""><b class="">2021</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class=""></b></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">The richest 10% of the population now takes 52% of global income and the poorest half just 8%, it said.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class="">The 228-page report, whose authors are part of a group founded by renowned economist Thomas Piketty, also said that since 1995, billionaires' wealth had risen from 1% to 3%.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(23, 90, 226); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class=""><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/business-59565690" class="">https://www.bbc.com/news/business-59565690</a></b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class=""></b></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class="">==================================</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">We're All the 1 Percent – Foreign Policy</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2012/02/27/were-all-the-1-percent/" class="">https://foreignpolicy.com/2012/02/27/were-all-the-1-percent/</a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Feb 27, 2012 - But the global average is about a fifth of that. So by global standards, America's middle class is also really, really rich. </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">To make it into the richest 1 percent globally, all you need is an income of around $34,000, according to World Bank economist Branko Milanovic.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class="">==================================</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">Half the world's richest 1% live in the United States - Jan. 4, 2012</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://money.cnn.com/2012/01/04/news/economy/world_richest/index.htm" class="">https://money.cnn.com/2012/01/04/news/economy/world_richest/index.htm</a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Jan 4, 2012 - The United States holds a disproportionate amount of t</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">he world’s</span><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""> rich people. It </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">only takes $34,000 a year, after taxes, to be among the richest 1% in the world. ... </span><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">The rest are mainly scattered throughout Europe, Latin America and a few Asian countries.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class="">==================================</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7); min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribution_of_wealth#:~:text=The%20pyramid%20shows%20that%3A,97%25%20of%20the%20total%20wealth." class=""><b class="">Distribution of wealth - Wikipedia</b><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #13009b" class=""><b class=""></b></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">Half of the world's net wealth belongs to the top 1%,</span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""> top 10% of adults hold 85%, while the bottom 90% hold the remaining 15% of the world's total wealth, top 30% of adults hold 97% of the total wealth.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); min-height: 11px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribution_of_wealth#:~:text=The%20pyramid%20shows%20that%3A,97%25%20of%20the%20total%20wealth." class=""></a></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class="">==================================</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); min-height: 11px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://www.equifax.com/business/product/spending-power/" class=""></a></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://www.equifax.com/business/product/spending-power/" class=""><b class="">Spending Power | Household Discretionary Spending Capacity</b><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #13009b" class=""><b class=""></b></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""><a href="https://www.equifax.com/business/product/spending-power/" class="">https://www.equifax.com<span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055" class=""> › Business</span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27); min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 68); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055" class=""><b class="">Spending Power</b></span><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">. Improve targeting and marketing models with a dollar measure of households' likely capacity to spend, save, or invest.</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class="">==================================</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7); min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(19, 0, 155); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/purchasing-power" class=""><b class="">Meaning of purchasing power in English</b><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #13009b" class=""><b class=""></b></span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(24, 25, 27);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""><a href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/purchasing-power" class="">https://dictionary.cambridge.org<span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055" class=""> › dictionary › purchasi...</span></a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(60, 64, 68); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">A person's </span><span style="font-kerning: none; color: #4d5055" class=""><b class="">purchasing power</b></span><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""> is his or her ability to buy goods</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7); min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class="">==================================</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">"The big challenge is still</span><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class=""> </b>to deliver emissions reductions at the pace and scale needed, especially </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class="">in </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">a world where economies are driven by consumption.”</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Sonja van Renssen. </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">The inconvenient truth of failed climate policies.</span></div><p style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></p><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Nature Climate Change Published online: 27 April 2018 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0155-4" class="">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0155-4</a> </span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; color: rgb(251, 2, 7);" class="">==================================</div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">United Nations Emissions Gap Report 2020</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">Chapter 6.1</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffffff" class=""><a href="https://wedocs.unep.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/34432/EGR20ch6.pdf?" class="">https://wedocs.unep.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/34432/EGR20ch6.pdf?</a></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class="">Bridging the gap – the role of equitable low-carbon lifestyles</b></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">“A range of estimates point to a strong correlation between income and emissions, with a<b class=""> highly </b>unequal global distribution of <b class="">consumption emissions.</b></span><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class=""> </b>Such studies estimate that the emissions share of the top 10 per cent of income earners is around 36–49 per cent of the global total, whereas the lowest 50 per cent of income earners account for around 7–15 per cent of all emissions (Chakravarty et al. 2009; Chancel and Piketty 2015; Oxfam 2015; Hubacek et al. 2017; Dorband et al. 2019; Oxfam and Stockholm Environment Institute [SEI] 2020). This disparity is particularly stark where studies have estimated footprints among the very highest-income, highest emitters: the combined emissions share of the top 1 per cent of income earners has been found to very likely be larger than – and perhaps double – that of the bottom 50 per cent (Chancel and Piketty 2015; Oxfam and SEI 2020). </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">Around half the <b class="">consumption emissions </b>of the global top 10 per cent and 1 per cent are associated with citizens of high-income countries, and most 63 Emissions Gap Report 2020 of the other half with citizens in middle-income countries (Chancel and Piketty 2015; Oxfam and SEI 2020).<b class=""> One study estimates that the ‘super-rich’ top 0.1 per cent of earners have per capita emissions of around 217 tCO2 – several hundred times greater than the average of the poorest half of the global population</b></span><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><b class=""> (Oxfam and SEI 2020).</b> Estimates of the per capita CO2 consumption emissions of different global income groups are shown in figure 6.1, based on Oxfam and SEI (2020). This analysis estimates per capita CO2 emissions rather than CO2-equivalent, and allocates all consumption emissions to individuals rather than just those associated with household consumption. To indicate the relative scale of lifestyle emission changes required, </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">a target for global average per capita consumption emissions of </span><span style="font-kerning: none" class="">2.1 tCO2 </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">per capita in 2030 is also shown,</span><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""> as implied by 1.5°C-consistent pathways estimated by Oxfam (2020). Estimates in figure 6.1 show that </span><span style="font-kerning: none; background-color: #ffff0a" class="">per capita <b class="">consumption emissions </b>of those in the global top 10 per cent of income earners would need to be reduced to about one-tenth of their current level by 2030, and those of the top 1 per cent by at least a factor of 30, while those of the poorest 50 per cent could increase by around three times their current level.”</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 17px;" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""></span><br class=""></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><span style="font-kerning: none" class=""><a href="https://wedocs.unep.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/34432/EGR20ch6.pdf?" class="">https://wedocs.unep.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/34432/EGR20ch6.pdf?</a></span></div><div class="">
<meta charset="UTF-8" class=""><div>===========================<br class=""><br class="">“Ten thousand years ago there were between 1 and 5 million people on the planet. There was plenty of room to expand and move, and resources seemed endless.”<br class=""><br class="">Niles Eldredge. Dominion. 1995. University of California Press.<br class=""><br class="">===========================<br class=""><br class="">“It was not until the … publication in 1865 of William Stanley Jevons' The Coal Question, that some became aware that the coal deposits were exhaustible. …. It was not until the 1920's that a few people began to realize the supplies of fossil fuels had distinct limits.”<br class=""><br class="">John U. Nef. "An Early Energy Crisis and its Consequences," <br class="">Scientific American, November 1977<br class=""><br class=""></div>
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