<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><br class=""><div class=""><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><br class=""><span style="font-style: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class="">"The molecule of carbon dioxide has strong absorption bonds, particularly in the infrared region of the spectrum at wavelengths of from 12 to 18 microns. This is the spectral region where <b class="">most of the thermal energy radiating from earth</b> to space is concentrated. By increasing the absorption of this radiation ... <b class="">carbon dioxide reduces the amount of heat energy lost by earth to outer space."</b><br class=""><br class="">"In <b class="">1956</b> Gilbert N. Plass calculated that a doubling of the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere would result in a rise of 6.5 degrees Fahrenheit at the earth's surface. </span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-style: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-style: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class="">In <b class="">1963</b> Fritz Moller calculated that a 25 percent increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide would would increase the average temperature by one to 7 degrees F..."<br class=""><br class="">“The atmospheric engine is subtle in it operation and delicate in its adjustments. Extra inputs of energy … c<b class="">an have significant and far-reaching consequences.”</b><br class=""></span><br class="">Singer, Fred S. <b class="">"Human Energy Production as a process in the biosphere,"</b> Scientific American, September<b style="background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class=""> 1970.</b><br class=""><br class="">***********************************<br class=""><br class="">“The rate of warming implies … range shifts of up to several kilometers per year, raising the prospect of daunting challenges for ecosystems …” <br class=""><br class="">Diffenbaugh and Field. Changes in Ecologically Critical Terrestrial Climate Conditions. Science. <b style="background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class="">2013</b><br class=""><br class="">*****************************************<br class=""><br class="">“ … when all other variables were held constant, animals living in regions that exhibited low vegetation greenness (i.e. mean annual NDVI c. 0.06) had a predicted migration distance of 206 km and animals in regions with relatively high vegetation greenness (i.e. mean annual NDVI c. 0.80) had a predicted migration distance roughly one-tenth as large.”<br class=""><br class="">Teitelbaum et al. How far to go? Determinants of migration distance in land mammals. Ecology Letters. <b style="background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class="">2015 </b><br class=""><br class="">********************************<br class=""><br class=""> “Human society has yet to appreciate the implications of unprecedented species redistribution for life on Earth, including for human lives.”<br class=""><br class="">Pecl et al. Biodiversity redistribution under climate change: Impacts on ecosystems and human well-being. Science <b style="background-color: rgb(255, 251, 0);" class="">2017</b><br class=""><br class=""><br class=""></div>
</div>
<br class=""></body></html>