<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span style="border-collapse: collapse; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);" class=""><div class=""><font face="Verdana" color="#141413" class="">"Modeling results show that mixed evergreen forest will replace evergreen conifer forest throughout much of the latter's historical range. This process may include gradual replacement of Douglas-fir-white fir (Abies concolor [Gordon & Glend.] Lindl. ex Hildebr.) forest by Douglas-fir-tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus [Hook. & Arn.] Rehd.) forest and the replacement of white fir-ponderosa pine forest by ponderosa pine-California black oak (Quercus kelloggii Newberry) forest in the Sierra Nevada. Tanoak-Pacific madrone (Arbutus menziesii Pursh)-canyon live oak (Q. chrysolepis Liebm.) woodland may replace blue oak (Q. douglasii Hook. & Arn.) woodlands, chaparral, and perennial grassland. In general, shrubland will replace oak woodland, and grassland will replace shrubland throughout the state. Evergreen conifer forest will advance into the high-elevation subalpine forest in the Sierra Nevada, and species such as Shasta red fir (Abies magnifica A. Murray) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. murrayana [Balf.] Engelm.) may become more common in subalpine parklands and meadows."</font></div><div style="font-size: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif;" class=""><font face="Times New Roman" color="#141413" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div style="font-size: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif;" class=""><font face="Arial" color="#141413" class=""><b class="">Effects of Climatic Variability and Change on Forest Ecosystems: A Comprehensive Science Synthesis for the U.S. Forest Sector.</b> General Technical Report PNW-GTR-870 <b class=""> December 2012 </b> United States Department of Agriculture - Forest Service</font><font color="#888888" class=""><font color="#888888" class=""><br class=""><font face="Arial" size="-3" color="#141413" class=""></font></font></font></div><font color="#888888" style="font-size: 13px; font-family: arial, sans-serif;" class=""><font color="#888888" class=""><u class=""></u></font></font></span><font color="#888888" class=""><font color="#888888" class=""></font><div class=""><br style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial;" class=""></div></font></div><div class="">
<meta charset="UTF-8" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><a href="https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/42610" class="">https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/42610</a><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><br class=""></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;">~~~ Hydrology 101 ~~~~~<br class=""><br class="">“A fundamental characteristic of the hydrologic cycle is that it has no beginning an it has no end. It can be studied by starting at any of the following processes: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, interception, infiltration, percolation, transpiration, runoff, and storage.”<br class=""><br class=""><<<a href="https://www.nwrfc.noaa.gov/info/water_cycle/hydrology.cgi" class="">https://www.nwrfc.noaa.gov/info/water_cycle/hydrology.cgi</a>>></div>
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